What does it do?
Malic acid is a naturally occurring compound that plays a role in the complex process of
deriving adenosine triphosphate (ATP; the energy currency that runs the body) from food.
Although uncontrolled research had suggested that the combination of 1,200–2,400 mg
per day of malic acid and 300–600 mg of magnesium
for eight weeks reduced symptoms of
fibromyalgia,1 double-blind evidence has shown that malic acid plus magnesium
fails to help people with this condition.2
Where is it found?
Malic acid is found in a wide variety of fruits and
vegetables, but the richest source is apples, which is why malic acid is sometimes referred to as
“apple acid.”
Malic acid has been used
in connection with the following conditions (refer to the individual
health concern for complete information):
Who is likely to be deficient?
A deficiency in humans is unlikely, since the body can produce malic acid.
How much is usually taken?
Healthy people do not need to take malic acid as a supplement. Research has been conducted
with 1,200–2,400 mg of malic acid in combination with 300–600 mg of elemental magnesium.
Are there any side effects or interactions?
Current research does not indicate any adverse effects from the use of malic acid in
moderate amounts.
At the time of writing, there were no well-known drug interactions
with malic acid.
References
1. Abraham G, Flechas J. Management of fibromyalgia: rationale for the
use of magnesium and malic acid. J Nutr Med 1992;3:49–59.
2. Russell J, Michalek J, Flechas J, et al. Treatment of fibromyalgia
syndrome with SuperMalic: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover pilot
study. J Rheum 1995;22:953–7.
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purposes only. It is based on scientific studies (human, animal, or in vitro),
clinical experience, or traditional usage as cited in each article. The results reported may
not necessarily occur in all individuals. For many of the conditions discussed, treatment with
prescription or over-the-counter medication is also available. Consult your doctor,
practitioner, and/or pharmacist for any health problem and before using any supplements or
before making any changes in prescribed medications. Information expires March 2005.
Reliable and relatively consistent scientific data showing a substantial health benefit.
Contradictory, insufficient, or preliminary
studies suggesting a health benefit or minimal health benefit.